Mange is caused by microscopic mites that burrow into a dog's skin. Mange is often difficult to diagnose and is often confused with other skin disorders such as hot spots. There are three types of mange.

Scarcoptic mange is the most common. It first becomes evident with small itchy red bumps. These are insect bites. Fur will start to fall out and the skin will become crusty and scab like, eventually darkening in color. Mites usually attack the ears, elbows and the face. Dogs will experience intense itching with this form of mange. It can be contracted by people, but does not last as long as with dogs.

Demondectic mange occurs mainly in puppies 3-12 months old. It is usually is contracted from the mother. Fur will start to fall out yet there is no itch. The localized form will often clear up on its own, but the generalized form once imbedded in the skin is very difficult to cure.

Cheyletiella mange, also known as walking dandruff, is also mainly found in puppies. This form spreads easily among puppies. Dandruff breaks out around the neck and back and a mild itch is evident.

One should consult their vet when diagnosing and treating mange. Since the mites are microscopic a skin scraping will be needed for the vet to make a proper diagnosis. In the case of Demondectic mange the mite is so small it may not be visible through a microscope. In treating mange the common element of all forms is that the mites need to be eliminated. Your vet will likely prescribe a series of insecticide dips along with medication. The dog's area, bedding, etc. will need to be disinfected. While treatment can be frustrating, most cases of mange can be effectively treated with proper care.